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Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tyre
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The '''Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tyre''' was an archbishopric in the [[Kingdom of Jerusalem]].
== Background ==
The [[See of Tyre]] was the most prestigious archbishopric under the authority of the [[Patriarch of Antioch|patriarchs of Antioch]] from the 5th century. The archbishopric included more than a dozen bishoprics, including the sees of Acre, Beirut, Jubail, Sidon, Tripoli and Tortosa. The [[crusaders]] captured Tortosa in 1102, Jubail in 1103, and Tripoli in 1109. In the late 1170s, [[William of Tyre]] wrote that [[Bernard of Valence]], the [[Latin Patriarch of Antioch]], had soon appointed Latin bishops to the three bishoprics. Documents written in the early 12th century did not refer to the bishops of the three dioceses, suggesting that the three sees, all located in the newly established crusader [[County of Tripoli]], were actually left vacant. After King [[Baldwin I of Jerusalem]] captured Sidon and Beirut in 1110, [[Ghibbelin of Arles]], the [[Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem]], convinced Baldwin I to ask [[Pope Paschal II]] to place the two sees and also the bishopric of Acre under the jurisdiction of the Latin patriarchs of Jerusalem. Accepting their argumentation, the Pope ruled that the boundaries of the ecclesiastical provinces should follow the political frontiers on 8 June 1111. Patriarch Bernard protested, but the Pope confirmed his decision, emphasizing his right to alter the boundaries of the patriarchates.
== Establishment ==
[[Patriarch Warmund of Jerusalem|Gormond of Picquigny]] signed a [[Pactum Warmundi|treaty with the Venetians about the joint conquest of Tyre]] on behalf of [[Baldwin II of Jerusalem]] in December 1123. The Patriarch had already consecrated a cleric, Odo, as the archbishop of Tyre, most probably because he wanted to prevent the Latin patriarch of Antioch from appointing his candidate to the see. Odo died before the crusaders and the Venetians captured Tyre on 7 July 1124.
== Archbishops ==
* Odo ( 1122–1123 or 1124)
* [[William of Malines|William I]] ( 1127–1135)
* [[Patriarch Fulk of Jerusalem|Fulcher]] ( 1135–1146)
* Ralph (1146–1150) ''(elected archbishop, who was not consecrated)''
* Peter I (1151–1164)
* [[Frederick de la Roche|Frederick]] (1164–1174)
* [[William of Tyre|William II]] (1175–1186) ''(historian)''
* [[Joscius, Archbishop of Tyre|Joscius]] (1186–1202)
* Clarembaud of Broies (1202–1215)
* Simon of Maugastel ( 1216–1229)
* Hugh ( 1231– 1234)
* Peter II of Sargines (1235–1244)
* Nicholas Larcat (1251–1253)
* Gilles (1253–1266)
* John of Saint Maxentius (1267–1272)
* Bonacursus de Gloire (1272–1295)
== References ==
== Sources ==
*
*
*
[[Category:Roman Catholic dioceses in the Crusader states]]
[[Category:Medieval Lebanon]]
[[Category:Catholic Church in the Middle East]]
== Background ==
The [[See of Tyre]] was the most prestigious archbishopric under the authority of the [[Patriarch of Antioch|patriarchs of Antioch]] from the 5th century. The archbishopric included more than a dozen bishoprics, including the sees of Acre, Beirut, Jubail, Sidon, Tripoli and Tortosa. The [[crusaders]] captured Tortosa in 1102, Jubail in 1103, and Tripoli in 1109. In the late 1170s, [[William of Tyre]] wrote that [[Bernard of Valence]], the [[Latin Patriarch of Antioch]], had soon appointed Latin bishops to the three bishoprics. Documents written in the early 12th century did not refer to the bishops of the three dioceses, suggesting that the three sees, all located in the newly established crusader [[County of Tripoli]], were actually left vacant. After King [[Baldwin I of Jerusalem]] captured Sidon and Beirut in 1110, [[Ghibbelin of Arles]], the [[Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem]], convinced Baldwin I to ask [[Pope Paschal II]] to place the two sees and also the bishopric of Acre under the jurisdiction of the Latin patriarchs of Jerusalem. Accepting their argumentation, the Pope ruled that the boundaries of the ecclesiastical provinces should follow the political frontiers on 8 June 1111. Patriarch Bernard protested, but the Pope confirmed his decision, emphasizing his right to alter the boundaries of the patriarchates.
== Establishment ==
[[Patriarch Warmund of Jerusalem|Gormond of Picquigny]] signed a [[Pactum Warmundi|treaty with the Venetians about the joint conquest of Tyre]] on behalf of [[Baldwin II of Jerusalem]] in December 1123. The Patriarch had already consecrated a cleric, Odo, as the archbishop of Tyre, most probably because he wanted to prevent the Latin patriarch of Antioch from appointing his candidate to the see. Odo died before the crusaders and the Venetians captured Tyre on 7 July 1124.
== Archbishops ==
* Odo ( 1122–1123 or 1124)
* [[William of Malines|William I]] ( 1127–1135)
* [[Patriarch Fulk of Jerusalem|Fulcher]] ( 1135–1146)
* Ralph (1146–1150) ''(elected archbishop, who was not consecrated)''
* Peter I (1151–1164)
* [[Frederick de la Roche|Frederick]] (1164–1174)
* [[William of Tyre|William II]] (1175–1186) ''(historian)''
* [[Joscius, Archbishop of Tyre|Joscius]] (1186–1202)
* Clarembaud of Broies (1202–1215)
* Simon of Maugastel ( 1216–1229)
* Hugh ( 1231– 1234)
* Peter II of Sargines (1235–1244)
* Nicholas Larcat (1251–1253)
* Gilles (1253–1266)
* John of Saint Maxentius (1267–1272)
* Bonacursus de Gloire (1272–1295)
== References ==
== Sources ==
*
*
*
[[Category:Roman Catholic dioceses in the Crusader states]]
[[Category:Medieval Lebanon]]
[[Category:Catholic Church in the Middle East]]
October 19, 2018 at 11:43AM
