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Liu Xianjue
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'''Liu Xianjue''' (; 12 December 1931 – 16 May 2019) was a Chinese [[architectural historian]] and educator. He studied under all "Four Modern Masters in Architecture" of China and taught at [[Southeast University]] for more than 50 years. He advocated for the protection of architectural heritage in [[Nanjing]] and advised the government of [[Macau]] in its successful application for [[World Heritage Site|World Heritage]] status for the [[Historic Centre of Macau]].
== Early life ==
Liu was born on 12 December 1931 in [[Fuzhou]], [[Fujian]], Republic of China, with his ancestral home in [[Hefei]].<ref name=":0">民国建筑|last=|first=|date=2019-05-16|website=Sina|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-05-28}}</ref> During the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]], his family took refuge in [[Ningdu County|Ningdu]], [[Jiangxi]], where he attended middle school and learned to speak English from Christian missionaries.<ref name=":1">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (1 for 2)</ref>
Liu entered the Department of Architecture of [[Hangchow University]] in 1949, before transferring to [[Nanjing University]] the following year. In 1952, the architecture program of Nanjing University became part of Nanjing Institute of Technology (now [[Southeast University]]), where he studied under [[Yang Tingbao]] and graduated in 1953.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
In 1953, Liu began his graduate studies at [[Tsinghua University]], where he was taught by [[Liang Sicheng]].<ref name=":1" /> Besides Yang Tingbao and Liang Sicheng, he was also taught by the other two of China's "Four Modern Masters in Architecture": [[Liu Dunzhen]] and [[Tung Chuin]].<ref name=":0" />
== Career ==
After graduating in 1956, Liu spent half a century teaching and researching at the [[Southeast University School of Architecture]]. He published 30 books and more than 100 papers. He advised 26 doctoral students, 50 master's students, and three postdoctoral researchers. He was conferred the special education prize by the Chinese Architectural Society and awarded a special pension by the National Government of China.<ref name=":0" />
Liu was a strong advocate for the protection of the [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republican era]] architecture of [[Nanjing]]. In 1988, he surveyed Nanjing's architecture and chose about 200 valuable buildings for conservation. However, more than 40 of the buildings were demolished during the urban renewal of the city. Liu lobbied the media and the government for protection of Nanjing's architectural heritage, and the municipal government eventually designated the remaining buildings as protected architecture.<ref name=":0" />
In 2000, Liu advised the government of [[Macau]] in its application for [[World Heritage Site|World Heritage]] status for the [[Historic Centre of Macau]]. After three years of research, he published the book ''The Architectural Heritage of Macau'', and the Historic Centre of Macau was inscribed on the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site|World Heritage List]] in 2005.<ref name=":1" />
Liu died in Nanjing on 16 May 2019, at the age of 87.<ref name=":0" />
== References ==
[[Category:1931 births]]
[[Category:2019 deaths]]
[[Category:Chinese architectural historians]]
[[Category:Nanjing University alumni]]
[[Category:Southeast University alumni]]
[[Category:Tsinghua University alumni]]
[[Category:Southeast University faculty]]
[[Category:Writers from Fuzhou]]
[[Category:Historians from Fujian]]
May 28, 2019 at 04:55PM
