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Mauritania–Senegal border
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[[File:Mauritania_Senegal_border.jpg|thumb|right|Map of the Mauritania-Senegal border]]
The '''Mauritania–Senegal border''' is 742 km (461 m) in length and runs from the [[Atlantic Ocean]] in the west along the [[Senegal River]] to the tripoint with [[Mali]] in the east.<ref></ref>
==Description==
The border starts in the west at the Atlantic coast and then goes east, crossing the [[Langue de Barbarie]] spit, and then veers north, utilising the Marigot de Mambatio, before reaching the Senegal river. The border then follows this river eastwards in a broad arc, terminating at the Mali tripoint at the Senegal/[[Falémé River|Faleme]] confluence.<ref name="Brownlie, I. "></ref>
==History==
[[France]] had begun settling on the coasts of modern Mauritania and Senegal in the 17th-18th centuries, gradually extended their rule further inland as far as modern Mali during the 1850s-80s.<ref name="IBS78">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Klein, Martin A., ''Islam and Imperialism in Senegal Sine-Saloum, 1847–1914'', p. 46. Published by [[Edinburgh University Press]] (1968). </ref> As a result of the '[[Scramble for Africa]]' in the 1880s, [[France]] gained control the upper valley of the [[Niger River]] (roughly equivalent to the areas of modern Mali and Niger).<ref name="IBS23"/> France occupied this area in 1900;,followed by Mauritania in 2903-04. Mali (then referred to as [[French Sudan]]) was originally included, along with modern Niger and Burkina Faso, within the [[Upper Senegal and Niger]] colony, however it was later split off and,along with Mauritania, became a constituent of the federal colony of [[French West Africa]] (''Afrique occidentale française'', abbreviated AOF).<ref>Decree 7 September 1911, ''rattachant le territoire militaire du Niger au gouvernement général de l'Afrique occidentale française'', published in the Official Journal of the French Republic on 12 Septembre 1911 ([https://ift.tt/34HDDFh Online])</ref><ref name="IBS78"/> The following year on 25 February 1905 France created a border between Senegal and Mauritania along the Senegal river, which was then described in more detail in a decree of 8 December 1933.<ref name="IBS78"/><ref name="Brownlie, I. "/>
As the movement for decolonisation grew in the post-[[Second World War]] era, France gradually granted more political rights and representation for their sub-Saharan African colonies, culminating in the granting of broad internal autonomy to French West Africa in 1958 within the framework of the [[French Community]].<ref></ref> In 1960 both Mauritania and Senegal gained independence, and their mutual frontier became an international one between two states.
Relations between the two states, initially fairly good, deteriorated in the 1980s due to various disputes along the Senegal river, exacerbated by droughts and long-standing ethnic tension. The disputes erupted into armed clashes along the frontier in 1989, resulting in a [[Mauritania–Senegal Border War|war]] that ended in 1991.<ref name=ow>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
==Settlements near the border==
[[File:Border-Senegal-from-Mauretania.JPG|thumb|right|Border crossing]]
===Mauritania===
* [[Keur-Macene]]
* [[Rosso]]
* Ngorel
* [[Boghé]]
* Tjide
* [[Bababé]]
* Mbotto
* [[Mbagne]]
* Ouoloum Nere
* [[Kaédi]]
* Djowol
* [[Sagne, Mauritania|Sagne]]
===Senegal===
[[File:Frontiera di Rosso fra Mauritania ed il Senegal oltre il fiu me omonimo.jpg|thumb|right|Border crossing at Rosso]]
* [[Saint-Louis, Senegal|Saint-Louis]]
* Debi
* Rheune
* Ntiagar
* [[Dagana, Senegal|Dagana]]
* [[Podor]]
* Boki
* [[Sioure]]]
* Cascas
* Doungel
* Saldé
* [[Matam, Senegal|Matam]]
* [[Bakel, Senegal|Bakel]]
* Aroundou
==See also==
* [[Mauritania–Senegal relations]]
==References==
[[Category:Borders of Mauritania]]
[[Category:Borders of Senegal]]
[[Category:International borders]]
The '''Mauritania–Senegal border''' is 742 km (461 m) in length and runs from the [[Atlantic Ocean]] in the west along the [[Senegal River]] to the tripoint with [[Mali]] in the east.<ref></ref>
==Description==
The border starts in the west at the Atlantic coast and then goes east, crossing the [[Langue de Barbarie]] spit, and then veers north, utilising the Marigot de Mambatio, before reaching the Senegal river. The border then follows this river eastwards in a broad arc, terminating at the Mali tripoint at the Senegal/[[Falémé River|Faleme]] confluence.<ref name="Brownlie, I. "></ref>
==History==
[[France]] had begun settling on the coasts of modern Mauritania and Senegal in the 17th-18th centuries, gradually extended their rule further inland as far as modern Mali during the 1850s-80s.<ref name="IBS78">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Klein, Martin A., ''Islam and Imperialism in Senegal Sine-Saloum, 1847–1914'', p. 46. Published by [[Edinburgh University Press]] (1968). </ref> As a result of the '[[Scramble for Africa]]' in the 1880s, [[France]] gained control the upper valley of the [[Niger River]] (roughly equivalent to the areas of modern Mali and Niger).<ref name="IBS23"/> France occupied this area in 1900;,followed by Mauritania in 2903-04. Mali (then referred to as [[French Sudan]]) was originally included, along with modern Niger and Burkina Faso, within the [[Upper Senegal and Niger]] colony, however it was later split off and,along with Mauritania, became a constituent of the federal colony of [[French West Africa]] (''Afrique occidentale française'', abbreviated AOF).<ref>Decree 7 September 1911, ''rattachant le territoire militaire du Niger au gouvernement général de l'Afrique occidentale française'', published in the Official Journal of the French Republic on 12 Septembre 1911 ([https://ift.tt/34HDDFh Online])</ref><ref name="IBS78"/> The following year on 25 February 1905 France created a border between Senegal and Mauritania along the Senegal river, which was then described in more detail in a decree of 8 December 1933.<ref name="IBS78"/><ref name="Brownlie, I. "/>
As the movement for decolonisation grew in the post-[[Second World War]] era, France gradually granted more political rights and representation for their sub-Saharan African colonies, culminating in the granting of broad internal autonomy to French West Africa in 1958 within the framework of the [[French Community]].<ref></ref> In 1960 both Mauritania and Senegal gained independence, and their mutual frontier became an international one between two states.
Relations between the two states, initially fairly good, deteriorated in the 1980s due to various disputes along the Senegal river, exacerbated by droughts and long-standing ethnic tension. The disputes erupted into armed clashes along the frontier in 1989, resulting in a [[Mauritania–Senegal Border War|war]] that ended in 1991.<ref name=ow>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
==Settlements near the border==
[[File:Border-Senegal-from-Mauretania.JPG|thumb|right|Border crossing]]
===Mauritania===
* [[Keur-Macene]]
* [[Rosso]]
* Ngorel
* [[Boghé]]
* Tjide
* [[Bababé]]
* Mbotto
* [[Mbagne]]
* Ouoloum Nere
* [[Kaédi]]
* Djowol
* [[Sagne, Mauritania|Sagne]]
===Senegal===
[[File:Frontiera di Rosso fra Mauritania ed il Senegal oltre il fiu me omonimo.jpg|thumb|right|Border crossing at Rosso]]
* [[Saint-Louis, Senegal|Saint-Louis]]
* Debi
* Rheune
* Ntiagar
* [[Dagana, Senegal|Dagana]]
* [[Podor]]
* Boki
* [[Sioure]]]
* Cascas
* Doungel
* Saldé
* [[Matam, Senegal|Matam]]
* [[Bakel, Senegal|Bakel]]
* Aroundou
==See also==
* [[Mauritania–Senegal relations]]
==References==
[[Category:Borders of Mauritania]]
[[Category:Borders of Senegal]]
[[Category:International borders]]
January 28, 2020 at 03:13AM
