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Moisés Tuʻu Hereveri
KAVEBEAR:
'''Moisés Jacob Tu'u Hereveri''' (/1873 – 3 September 1925) was elected '''[[ariki]]'' ([[Kings of Easter Island|king]]) of [[Easter Island|Rapa Nui]] (Easter Island) from 1901 until his exile in 1902. He was the last Rapa Nui to claim the traditional kingship in the early 20th-century. However, he is generally not remembered as the last king instead his predecessor [[Riro Kāinga]] is generally regarded as the last, although neither held much power. Although [[Riro Kāinga]] and his predecessor [[Atamu Tekena]] held the title of king, their power and legitimacy in comparison with their predecessors are doubted. Historian [[Alfred Métraux]] wrote, "Although the islanders of to-day speak of the late kings, Atamu Te Kena and Riroroko, as if they were really kings, informants make it clear that they had very little in common with the ariki of olden days. Their power was of an indefinite, dubious nature, and they seem to have enjoyed none of the prerogatives of former ariki. Perhaps their only claim to the title lay in their descent-line; both belonged to the Miru group. Possibly if native civilization had continued, they might have been true kings. Personal pretension, supported by Chilean officers who needed a responsible intermediary to deal with the population, might have contributed toward the restoration of power to this fictitious and ephemeral royalty."<ref></ref>|group=note}} Variation of his family name included Hereveri, Here Veri, Veri-Veri, Beri-Beri, Tueri-Beri, Tueriveri, or Tueriveri.
==Biography==
Hereveri was born, of [[Rapa Nui]] descent, in 1873 at Haapape, in the [[Kingdom of Tahiti]], now near present-day [[Point Venus]], [[Mahina, French Polynesia]]. Another source stated that he was born His father was Here Veri, baptized Agustín (Akutino), and his mother was Vai a Tare, baptized Margarita. He was baptized Moite or Moisés. His family was part of the Miru clan, specifically the Miru Hamea branch.
Hereveri's family was part of the diaspora community of Rapa Nui which settled in Tahiti. On 6 June 1871, half of the Rapa Nui population, around 277 islanders, followed the Father [[Hippolyte Roussel]] and Brother Théodule Escolan, French Catholic missionaries of the [[Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary]] to Tahiti and [[Mangareva]] after disputes between the missionaries and rancher [[Jean-Baptiste Dutrou-Bornier]]. His parents would have been one of the 108 Rapa Nui who followed Brother Escolan and were employed in British businessman [[John Brander (merchant)|John Brander]]'s plantation on Tahiti, or the 67 islanders sent by Dutrou-Bornier to join the workers on October 1871. He married Uka or Tu'a to Vaka (born in 1872), baptized Balbina (Parapina). His descendants bear the surname Hereveri.
Back on Easter Island, the penultimate King [[Atamu Tekena]] ceded the island to [[Chile]] (represented by Captain [[Policarpo Toro]]) on 9 September 1888. However, the treaty of annexation was never ratified by Chile and Toro's colony failed. The Chilean government abandoned the settlement in 1892 due to political troubles on the mainland, which was embroiled in [[Chilean Civil War of 1891|civil war]], and this prompted the Rapa Nui to reassert their independence. The Miru clan representative, [[Riro Kāinga|Siméon Riro Kāinga]], was elected the position of '[[Ariki]] or King of Rapa Nui left vacant by the death of Atamu Tekena in August 1892.
The Rapa Nui unsuccessfully attempted to reclaim indigenous sovereignty in the absence of direct Chilean control from 1892 to 1896. However, Chile reasserted its claim, and the island was later leased to Enrique Merlet and his ranching company. They restricted the islanders' access to most of their land except a walled-off settlement at [[Hanga Roa]], which they were not allowed to leave without permission. The young king attempted to protest the company's abuse but died under suspicious circumstances at [[Valparaíso]].
Riro Kāinga has been generally referred to as the last king of Easter Island. However, two other candidates for the kingship existed after him. Enrique Ika was proclaimed king in January 1900. Moisés Tuʻu Hereveri was elected king in 1901. He was ousted in the following year in 1902 and exiled to the mainland.<ref name="Simonetti2011.11.12" /> In 1914, the Riro's cousin Angata, another member of the Miru clan, led an unsuccessful rebellion against the ranching company which was crushed when the Chilean navy arrested the ringleaders of the revolt.
Hereveri died on 1925. Rapa Nui historian Cristián Moreno Pakarati noted that Enrique Ika and Moisés Tu'u Hereveri have been unjustly forgotten by Rapa Nui historiography.<ref name="Simonetti2011.11.12">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
Riro Kāinga's grandson, [[Valentino Riroroko Tuki]], declared himself king of Rapa Nui in 2011.<ref name="Simonetti2011.11.16">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
==See also==
*[[History of Easter Island]]
==Notes==
==References==
==Bibliography==
*Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
*Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
*
*Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
*Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
*
*}}
*}}
*
*
*
==Further reading==
*
*
|-
[[Category:Rapanui monarchs]]
[[Category:History of Easter Island]]
[[Category:1873 births]]
[[Category:1925 deaths]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic monarchs]]
==Biography==
Hereveri was born, of [[Rapa Nui]] descent, in 1873 at Haapape, in the [[Kingdom of Tahiti]], now near present-day [[Point Venus]], [[Mahina, French Polynesia]]. Another source stated that he was born His father was Here Veri, baptized Agustín (Akutino), and his mother was Vai a Tare, baptized Margarita. He was baptized Moite or Moisés. His family was part of the Miru clan, specifically the Miru Hamea branch.
Hereveri's family was part of the diaspora community of Rapa Nui which settled in Tahiti. On 6 June 1871, half of the Rapa Nui population, around 277 islanders, followed the Father [[Hippolyte Roussel]] and Brother Théodule Escolan, French Catholic missionaries of the [[Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary]] to Tahiti and [[Mangareva]] after disputes between the missionaries and rancher [[Jean-Baptiste Dutrou-Bornier]]. His parents would have been one of the 108 Rapa Nui who followed Brother Escolan and were employed in British businessman [[John Brander (merchant)|John Brander]]'s plantation on Tahiti, or the 67 islanders sent by Dutrou-Bornier to join the workers on October 1871. He married Uka or Tu'a to Vaka (born in 1872), baptized Balbina (Parapina). His descendants bear the surname Hereveri.
Back on Easter Island, the penultimate King [[Atamu Tekena]] ceded the island to [[Chile]] (represented by Captain [[Policarpo Toro]]) on 9 September 1888. However, the treaty of annexation was never ratified by Chile and Toro's colony failed. The Chilean government abandoned the settlement in 1892 due to political troubles on the mainland, which was embroiled in [[Chilean Civil War of 1891|civil war]], and this prompted the Rapa Nui to reassert their independence. The Miru clan representative, [[Riro Kāinga|Siméon Riro Kāinga]], was elected the position of '[[Ariki]] or King of Rapa Nui left vacant by the death of Atamu Tekena in August 1892.
The Rapa Nui unsuccessfully attempted to reclaim indigenous sovereignty in the absence of direct Chilean control from 1892 to 1896. However, Chile reasserted its claim, and the island was later leased to Enrique Merlet and his ranching company. They restricted the islanders' access to most of their land except a walled-off settlement at [[Hanga Roa]], which they were not allowed to leave without permission. The young king attempted to protest the company's abuse but died under suspicious circumstances at [[Valparaíso]].
Riro Kāinga has been generally referred to as the last king of Easter Island. However, two other candidates for the kingship existed after him. Enrique Ika was proclaimed king in January 1900. Moisés Tuʻu Hereveri was elected king in 1901. He was ousted in the following year in 1902 and exiled to the mainland.<ref name="Simonetti2011.11.12" /> In 1914, the Riro's cousin Angata, another member of the Miru clan, led an unsuccessful rebellion against the ranching company which was crushed when the Chilean navy arrested the ringleaders of the revolt.
Hereveri died on 1925. Rapa Nui historian Cristián Moreno Pakarati noted that Enrique Ika and Moisés Tu'u Hereveri have been unjustly forgotten by Rapa Nui historiography.<ref name="Simonetti2011.11.12">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
Riro Kāinga's grandson, [[Valentino Riroroko Tuki]], declared himself king of Rapa Nui in 2011.<ref name="Simonetti2011.11.16">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
==See also==
*[[History of Easter Island]]
==Notes==
==References==
==Bibliography==
*Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
*Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
*
*Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
*Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
*
*}}
*}}
*
*
*
==Further reading==
*
*
|-
[[Category:Rapanui monarchs]]
[[Category:History of Easter Island]]
[[Category:1873 births]]
[[Category:1925 deaths]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic monarchs]]
January 01, 2020 at 03:22PM
