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Swedish Army Veterinary Corps
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'''Swedish Army Veterinary Corps'''<ref name="Krantz (1955), pp. 4-6"></ref> () was an [[Corps|administrative corps]] for veterinarians of the [[Swedish Army]] from 1887 to 1969. Its task was, in peace as well as in war, to provide army units etcetera with especially trained staff for veterinary positions in the army.<ref name="Gunnarsson (1948), p. 544"></ref>
==History==
===1887–1925===
The Swedish Army Veterinary Corps was established in 1887 and constituted all [[Veterinary physician|veterinarians]] of the [[Swedish Army]], previously summarized under the common name of the ''Veterinärstaten''.<ref name="Westrin (1908), p. 245"></ref> The corps was under the command of the ''Överfältläkaren'' ("Chief Field Surgeon") and consisted of a field veterinarian (with the rank of [[Major (Sweden)|major]]), 14 regimental veterinarians (with the rank of the [[Kapten|captain]]), 26 battalion veterinarians (with the rank of [[Löjtnant|lieutenant]]) and 8 veterinarian scholarship recipients (with the rank of [[Fänrik|''underlöjtnant'']] after the officers). The corps had their own [[military reserve]].<ref name="Westrin (1908), p. 245"/> Positions in the corps were applied to at the National Swedish Board of Health (''Sjukvårdsstyrelsen''), which together with the National Swedish Medical Board (''Medicinalstyrelsen'') delivered proposals to the [[King in Council (Sweden)|King in Council]]. Scholarship was jointly ordered by the National Swedish Medical Board and the National Swedish Board of Health.<ref name="Westrin (1908), p. 245"/>
In 1923, the staff of the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps was made up of active duty personnel, [[half-pay]] officers (''reservstat'') and military reserve. Active duty personnel occurred both out of and in troop units.<ref name="Westrin (1923), p. 1130"></ref> Out of troop units: at the National Swedish Board of Health: 1 ''Överfältveterinär'' ("Inspector of Army Veterinary Service") and 1 senior clerical officer (regimental veterinarian); at staffs and more: 6 field veterinarians, 1 at each Army Division Staff, 1 regimental veterinarian at [[Boden Garrison]], 1 battalion veterinarians each at the [[Gotland]] military commander, [[Karlsborg]] Garrison and the Swedish Army Riding and Horse-Driving School (''Arméns rid- och körskola'') at [[Strömsholm]].<ref name="Westrin (1923), p. 1130"/> In troop units: 9 regimental veterinarians and 24 battalion veterinarians. Half-pay officers constituted 1 field veterinarians, 4 regimental veterinarians and 2 battalion veterinarians. These were obliged for military service in war and when conscripts were called in for the defence of the kingdom, as well as in peace for a maximum of 50 days during each 2-year period of service after the age of 48 and for no more than 100 days of each 3-year period up to the age of 48. The reserve staff constituted veterinarians who, with the right to a supplementary pension, resigned from active service or applied to depart from such active service, were admitted to the reserve and veterinarians who received their first employment.<ref name="Westrin (1923), p. 1130"/>
Veterinarians in the military reserve were obliged to service as veterinarian as half-pay officers and, in addition, were required to complete rehearsal training, partly after recruitment, and subsequently every three years until the age of 40 years.<ref name="Westrin (1923), p. 1130"/> Military veterinary posts belonged to the following service classes: ''överfältveterinär'' (lieutenant colonel), field veterinaran (major), regimental veterinaran (captain), battalion veterinarian (older, captain (conditionally), younger, lieutenant). ''Överfältveterinär'' could obtain colonels rank, and field veterinaran on active service lieutenant colonel and regimental veterinaran on active service major, respectively after 25 and 20 years of well-documented service.<ref name="Westrin (1923), p. 1130"/> The eldest battalion veterinarian on active service could be assigned the captain's rank. The staff in the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps, as well as the half-pay officers held corresponding employment positions. The staff of the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps were under the supervision of the Medical Board of the [[Royal Swedish Army Materiel Administration]] regarding its military-veterinary service and by the National Swedish Medical Board regarding its medical activities.<ref name="Westrin (1923), p. 1130"/>
===1925–1937===
According to the [[Defence Act of 1925 (Sweden)|Defence Act of 1925]], the corps would consist of 1 ''överfältveterinär'', 4 field veterinarians (division veterinarians), 6 regimental veterinarians and 15 battalion veterinarians.<ref name="Westrin (1926), p. 1388"></ref> Of the regimental veterinarians, 1 was employed by the [[Boden Fortress#Commandants|commandant in Boden]] and 1 in each of the [[Norrland Dragoon Regiment]], [[Svea Artillery Regiment]], [[Göta Artillery Regiment]] and [[Wendes Artillery Regiment]] and the Royal Swedish Army Materiel Administration.<ref name="Westrin (1926), p. 1388"/> Of the battalion veterinarians, 1 was employed at the Swedish Army Riding and Horse-Driving School, 1 at each of the Life Regiment Dragoons (''Livregementets dragoner''), [[Life Regiment Hussars]], Scanian Cavalry Regiment (''Skånska kavalleriregementet''), all field artillery regiments, [[Svea Engineer Regiment|Svea Engineer Corps]] and [[Göta Engineer Regiment|Göta Engineer Corps]], the [[Field Telegraph Corps]] and all [[Swedish Army Service Troops|service troop]] corps. The relevant division veterinary held the regimental veterinary services at the Life Regiment Dragoons, Life Regiment Hussars, Scanian Cavalry Regiment and [[Norrland Artillery Regiment]].<ref name="Westrin (1926), p. 1388"/>
===1937–1969===
At the beginning of 1937, all 26 postings on active service, namely 1 ''överfältveterinär'', 4 field veterinarians, 6 regimental veterinarians and 15 battalion veterinarians, were filled by ordinary holders. As of 1 July 1937, the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps' part of the [[Defence Act of 1936 (Sweden)|Defence Act of 1936]] came into force. According to this, the active service staff would constitute 1 ''överfältveterinär'', 4 field veterinarians, 8 regimental veterinarians and 11 battalion veterinarians.<ref></ref>
Previously, the military veterinary service in Sweden had been placed under the Army's Healthcare Board (''Arméns sjukvårdsstyrelse'') with the [[Surgeon-General of the Swedish Armed Forces|Surgeon-Field General]] as highest commander, but from 1937 the military veterinary service had been separated from the army's healthcare service as the Field Veterinary Office (''Fältveterinärbyrån''), previously included in the Healthcare Board, was partly transferred to the newly established Veterinary Inspectorate (''Veterinärinspektionen'') with the Inspector of Army Veterinary Service (''Överfältveterinären'') as chief, and partly to the same newly established Horse and Veterinary Office (''Häst- och veterinärbyrån'') in the Commissariat Department (''Intendenturdepartementet''). The Inspector of Army Veterinary Service thus became the head of the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps instead of the former Surgeon-Field General. The Veterinary Inspectorate (later the Army Inspectorate's Veterinary Department) handle and settled questions regarding veterinary staff, education, and horse health care, etc., that is, all military veterinary issues. Appropriations related to equipment and horses, [[remount]], horse selection, etc., were handled by the Horse and Veterinary Equipment Office (''Häst- och veterinärmaterielbyrån'') of the Commissariat Service Department (''Intendenturavdelningen'') (formerly the Commissariat Department, ''Intendenturdepartementet'') with the Inspector of Army Veterinary Service as director.
In early 1954, the active staff consisted of 1 Inspector of Army Veterinary Service, 7 field veterinarians, 7 regimental veterinarians and 9 battalion veterinarians.<ref name="Krantz (1955), p. 1"></ref> The corps ceased in 1969 ([[Swedish Code of Statutes|SFS]] 1969:409) by merging the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps, the Swedish Field Medical Corps (''Fältläkarkåren'') and the Swedish Naval Medical Officers' Corps (''Marinläkarkåren'') into the [[Medical Corps of the Swedish Armed Forces]].<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (1 for 2)</ref>
==Inspector of Army Veterinary Service==
The head of the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps was called ''Överfältläkare''<ref name="Westrin (1908), p. 245"/> ("Chief Field Surgeon") (1887-1914), then ''[[Surgeon-General of the Swedish Armed Forces|Generalfältläkare]]'' ("[[Surgeon-General of the Swedish Armed Forces|Surgeon-Field General]]") (23 December 1914<ref></ref>-1937), and then ''Överfältveterinär''<ref name="Gunnarsson (1948), p. 544"/> ("Inspector of Army Veterinary Service"<ref name="Krantz (1955), pp. 4-6"/>). He was also head of the Veterinary Inspectorate (''Veterinärinspektionen'').
===''[[Surgeon-General of the Swedish Armed Forces|Generalfältläkare]]''===
*1914–1917 – Anton Nettelblad
*1917–1930 – Fritz Bauer
*1930–1937 – Richard Erhardt
===''Överfältveterinär''===
*1937–1945 – Axel Morén
*1945–1957 – Erik Liljefors
*1957–1969 – Gunnar Krantz
==References==
===Notes===
===Print===
* |language=Swedish |ref=harv}}
* |ref=harv}}
* |ref=harv}}
* |ref=harv}}
* |ref=harv}}
* |ref=harv}}
* |ref=harv}}
* |ref=}}
==Further reading==
*}}
[[Category:Military units and formations of the Swedish Army]]
[[Category:Corps of Sweden]]
[[Category:Military medicine in Sweden]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1887]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1969]]
[[Category:Veterinary organizations]]
[[Category:Medical units and formations]]
==History==
===1887–1925===
The Swedish Army Veterinary Corps was established in 1887 and constituted all [[Veterinary physician|veterinarians]] of the [[Swedish Army]], previously summarized under the common name of the ''Veterinärstaten''.<ref name="Westrin (1908), p. 245"></ref> The corps was under the command of the ''Överfältläkaren'' ("Chief Field Surgeon") and consisted of a field veterinarian (with the rank of [[Major (Sweden)|major]]), 14 regimental veterinarians (with the rank of the [[Kapten|captain]]), 26 battalion veterinarians (with the rank of [[Löjtnant|lieutenant]]) and 8 veterinarian scholarship recipients (with the rank of [[Fänrik|''underlöjtnant'']] after the officers). The corps had their own [[military reserve]].<ref name="Westrin (1908), p. 245"/> Positions in the corps were applied to at the National Swedish Board of Health (''Sjukvårdsstyrelsen''), which together with the National Swedish Medical Board (''Medicinalstyrelsen'') delivered proposals to the [[King in Council (Sweden)|King in Council]]. Scholarship was jointly ordered by the National Swedish Medical Board and the National Swedish Board of Health.<ref name="Westrin (1908), p. 245"/>
In 1923, the staff of the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps was made up of active duty personnel, [[half-pay]] officers (''reservstat'') and military reserve. Active duty personnel occurred both out of and in troop units.<ref name="Westrin (1923), p. 1130"></ref> Out of troop units: at the National Swedish Board of Health: 1 ''Överfältveterinär'' ("Inspector of Army Veterinary Service") and 1 senior clerical officer (regimental veterinarian); at staffs and more: 6 field veterinarians, 1 at each Army Division Staff, 1 regimental veterinarian at [[Boden Garrison]], 1 battalion veterinarians each at the [[Gotland]] military commander, [[Karlsborg]] Garrison and the Swedish Army Riding and Horse-Driving School (''Arméns rid- och körskola'') at [[Strömsholm]].<ref name="Westrin (1923), p. 1130"/> In troop units: 9 regimental veterinarians and 24 battalion veterinarians. Half-pay officers constituted 1 field veterinarians, 4 regimental veterinarians and 2 battalion veterinarians. These were obliged for military service in war and when conscripts were called in for the defence of the kingdom, as well as in peace for a maximum of 50 days during each 2-year period of service after the age of 48 and for no more than 100 days of each 3-year period up to the age of 48. The reserve staff constituted veterinarians who, with the right to a supplementary pension, resigned from active service or applied to depart from such active service, were admitted to the reserve and veterinarians who received their first employment.<ref name="Westrin (1923), p. 1130"/>
Veterinarians in the military reserve were obliged to service as veterinarian as half-pay officers and, in addition, were required to complete rehearsal training, partly after recruitment, and subsequently every three years until the age of 40 years.<ref name="Westrin (1923), p. 1130"/> Military veterinary posts belonged to the following service classes: ''överfältveterinär'' (lieutenant colonel), field veterinaran (major), regimental veterinaran (captain), battalion veterinarian (older, captain (conditionally), younger, lieutenant). ''Överfältveterinär'' could obtain colonels rank, and field veterinaran on active service lieutenant colonel and regimental veterinaran on active service major, respectively after 25 and 20 years of well-documented service.<ref name="Westrin (1923), p. 1130"/> The eldest battalion veterinarian on active service could be assigned the captain's rank. The staff in the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps, as well as the half-pay officers held corresponding employment positions. The staff of the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps were under the supervision of the Medical Board of the [[Royal Swedish Army Materiel Administration]] regarding its military-veterinary service and by the National Swedish Medical Board regarding its medical activities.<ref name="Westrin (1923), p. 1130"/>
===1925–1937===
According to the [[Defence Act of 1925 (Sweden)|Defence Act of 1925]], the corps would consist of 1 ''överfältveterinär'', 4 field veterinarians (division veterinarians), 6 regimental veterinarians and 15 battalion veterinarians.<ref name="Westrin (1926), p. 1388"></ref> Of the regimental veterinarians, 1 was employed by the [[Boden Fortress#Commandants|commandant in Boden]] and 1 in each of the [[Norrland Dragoon Regiment]], [[Svea Artillery Regiment]], [[Göta Artillery Regiment]] and [[Wendes Artillery Regiment]] and the Royal Swedish Army Materiel Administration.<ref name="Westrin (1926), p. 1388"/> Of the battalion veterinarians, 1 was employed at the Swedish Army Riding and Horse-Driving School, 1 at each of the Life Regiment Dragoons (''Livregementets dragoner''), [[Life Regiment Hussars]], Scanian Cavalry Regiment (''Skånska kavalleriregementet''), all field artillery regiments, [[Svea Engineer Regiment|Svea Engineer Corps]] and [[Göta Engineer Regiment|Göta Engineer Corps]], the [[Field Telegraph Corps]] and all [[Swedish Army Service Troops|service troop]] corps. The relevant division veterinary held the regimental veterinary services at the Life Regiment Dragoons, Life Regiment Hussars, Scanian Cavalry Regiment and [[Norrland Artillery Regiment]].<ref name="Westrin (1926), p. 1388"/>
===1937–1969===
At the beginning of 1937, all 26 postings on active service, namely 1 ''överfältveterinär'', 4 field veterinarians, 6 regimental veterinarians and 15 battalion veterinarians, were filled by ordinary holders. As of 1 July 1937, the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps' part of the [[Defence Act of 1936 (Sweden)|Defence Act of 1936]] came into force. According to this, the active service staff would constitute 1 ''överfältveterinär'', 4 field veterinarians, 8 regimental veterinarians and 11 battalion veterinarians.<ref></ref>
Previously, the military veterinary service in Sweden had been placed under the Army's Healthcare Board (''Arméns sjukvårdsstyrelse'') with the [[Surgeon-General of the Swedish Armed Forces|Surgeon-Field General]] as highest commander, but from 1937 the military veterinary service had been separated from the army's healthcare service as the Field Veterinary Office (''Fältveterinärbyrån''), previously included in the Healthcare Board, was partly transferred to the newly established Veterinary Inspectorate (''Veterinärinspektionen'') with the Inspector of Army Veterinary Service (''Överfältveterinären'') as chief, and partly to the same newly established Horse and Veterinary Office (''Häst- och veterinärbyrån'') in the Commissariat Department (''Intendenturdepartementet''). The Inspector of Army Veterinary Service thus became the head of the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps instead of the former Surgeon-Field General. The Veterinary Inspectorate (later the Army Inspectorate's Veterinary Department) handle and settled questions regarding veterinary staff, education, and horse health care, etc., that is, all military veterinary issues. Appropriations related to equipment and horses, [[remount]], horse selection, etc., were handled by the Horse and Veterinary Equipment Office (''Häst- och veterinärmaterielbyrån'') of the Commissariat Service Department (''Intendenturavdelningen'') (formerly the Commissariat Department, ''Intendenturdepartementet'') with the Inspector of Army Veterinary Service as director.
In early 1954, the active staff consisted of 1 Inspector of Army Veterinary Service, 7 field veterinarians, 7 regimental veterinarians and 9 battalion veterinarians.<ref name="Krantz (1955), p. 1"></ref> The corps ceased in 1969 ([[Swedish Code of Statutes|SFS]] 1969:409) by merging the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps, the Swedish Field Medical Corps (''Fältläkarkåren'') and the Swedish Naval Medical Officers' Corps (''Marinläkarkåren'') into the [[Medical Corps of the Swedish Armed Forces]].<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (1 for 2)</ref>
==Inspector of Army Veterinary Service==
The head of the Swedish Army Veterinary Corps was called ''Överfältläkare''<ref name="Westrin (1908), p. 245"/> ("Chief Field Surgeon") (1887-1914), then ''[[Surgeon-General of the Swedish Armed Forces|Generalfältläkare]]'' ("[[Surgeon-General of the Swedish Armed Forces|Surgeon-Field General]]") (23 December 1914<ref></ref>-1937), and then ''Överfältveterinär''<ref name="Gunnarsson (1948), p. 544"/> ("Inspector of Army Veterinary Service"<ref name="Krantz (1955), pp. 4-6"/>). He was also head of the Veterinary Inspectorate (''Veterinärinspektionen'').
===''[[Surgeon-General of the Swedish Armed Forces|Generalfältläkare]]''===
*1914–1917 – Anton Nettelblad
*1917–1930 – Fritz Bauer
*1930–1937 – Richard Erhardt
===''Överfältveterinär''===
*1937–1945 – Axel Morén
*1945–1957 – Erik Liljefors
*1957–1969 – Gunnar Krantz
==References==
===Notes===
===Print===
* |language=Swedish |ref=harv}}
* |ref=harv}}
* |ref=harv}}
* |ref=harv}}
* |ref=harv}}
* |ref=harv}}
* |ref=harv}}
* |ref=}}
==Further reading==
*}}
[[Category:Military units and formations of the Swedish Army]]
[[Category:Corps of Sweden]]
[[Category:Military medicine in Sweden]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1887]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1969]]
[[Category:Veterinary organizations]]
[[Category:Medical units and formations]]
September 07, 2018 at 10:45PM
