【Move to another page】
Quote
https://ift.tt/2Pr18LC
Iš (cuneiform)
Mmcannis: First saving of new article
[[File:B357ellst.png|115px|left|thumb|Cuneiform '''iš'''. (Digitized version)]]
<!----->
[[File:Amarna_letter-_Royal_Letter_from_Ashur-uballit,_the_king_of_Assyria,_to_the_king_of_Egypt_MET_24.2.11_EGDP021806.jpg|350px|right|thumb|[[Amarna letter EA 15]]-(titled: ''"Assyria joins the International Scene"''). <br> Cuneiform sign '''iš''', line 10, [[Amarna letter EA 15|EA 15]], Obverse. (See line drawing below)]]
The [[cuneiform]] sign '''iš''' is a common use sign in the [[Amarna letters]] and the ''[[Epic of Gilgamesh]].'' It is used syllabically for ''iš''; also for ''mel'', ''mil'', and a [[Sumerogram]]ic usage for ''IŠ'' (Epic of Gilgamesh). Alphabetically as "iš", its most common usage, it can be used for "i" or "š". In [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]], the four vowels ''a, e, i, o'', are all interchangeable, and the three different "s", can also be interchanged: ''s, ṣ, š''.
<!--
''za'', and ''ZA'' (ZA as parts of personal names, places, or common words, etc.), and alphabetically for "ṣ" (s), "z", or "a". (All the 4 vowels, ''a, e, i, o'' are interchangeable.)
In the 14th century BC [[Amarna letters]], "za" is used in the spelling of the word for "mayor" (city, [[city-state]] administrator), [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]] ''hazannu''.<ref>[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379'', ''Glossary:Vocabulary'', '''hazannu''', pp. 55-87, p. 64.</ref> For example in [[Amarna letter EA 144|EA 144]] (from [[Zimredda (Sidon mayor)|Zimreddi]] of Sidon), ''obverse'', line 5: "man-hazzanu", ''<sup>Lú</sup>''-[[Ha (cuneiform)|Ha]]-'''za'''-[[nu (cuneiform)|nu]]. Za has a fairly high usage in the ''vassal states'' [[corpus linguistics|sub-corpus]] of the ''Amarna letters''.-->
==''Epic of Gilgamesh'' use==
For the ''Epic of Gilgamesh'', the following usage is found in Tablets I-XII: ''iš''-(134 times); ''mel''-(1); ''mil''-(8); IŠ-(18 times).<ref>Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian [[Epic of Gilgamesh]]'', Sign List, p. 159, Sign no. 212, '''iš'''/'''mel'''.</ref>
<!--==Symbol==-->
<!---->
<!--
* Borger (2003): 851
* Borger (1981):
* HZL: 366
; phonetic values:
* Sumerian: ZA
* Akkadian: ''za, sà, ṣa''
* Hittite:
-->
<!--# -->
==References==
*Held, Schmalstieg, Gertz, 1987. ''Beginning Hittite''. Warren H. Held, Jr, William R. Schmalstieg, Janet E. Gertz, c. 1987, Slavica Publishers, Inc. w/ Glossaries, Sign List, Indexes, etc., 218 pages.
*[[William L. Moran|Moran, William L.]] 1987, 1992. ''The Amarna Letters.'' Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. 393 pages.(softcover, )
* Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian [[Epic of Gilgamesh]]'', [[Simo Parpola|Parpola, Simo]], [[Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project]], c 1997, Tablet I thru Tablet XII, Index of Names, Sign List, and Glossary-(pp. 119–145), 165 pages.
*[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' [[Anson Rainey|Anson F. Rainey]], (AOAT 8, ''Alter Orient Altes Testament 8'')
<gallery mode=packed heights=425>
Image:Amarna_letter-_Royal_Letter_from_Ashur-uballit,_the_king_of_Assyria,_to_the_king_of_Egypt_MET_DP-211-142.jpg|Cuneiform sign '''iš''', line 10, 2nd character, [[Amarna letter EA 15|EA 15]], Obverse <br> ''"[[la (cuneiform)|lā]] iš-[[pu (cuneiform)|pu]]-[[ru (cuneiform)|ru]]"''<br> (A short letter from the King of [[Assyria]] to [[Pharaoh]] <br> šapăru ("Not sent"))
File:|Sunrise on the Hatchet Mountains viewed from the southeast, on the CDT
File:|Example of the complex geology in the range from the Big Hatchet Mountains Wilderness Study Area
</gallery>
<!--
==External links==
*[https://ift.tt/1FxjxgQ [[Amarna letter EA 271|EA 271]] Obverse, ''"tu"'', 2nd row from bottom]
-->
<!--////UUUUUUUUUUUUU
*Held, Schmalstieg, Gertz, 1987. ''Beginning Hittite''. Warren H. Held, Jr, William R. Schmalstieg, Janet E. Gertz, c. 1987, Slavica Publishers, Inc. w/ Glossaries, Sign List, Indexes, etc, 218 pages.
*[[William L. Moran|Moran, William L.]] 1987, 1992. ''The Amarna Letters.'' Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. 393 pages.(softcover, ISBN 0-8018-6715-0)
<ref>[[William L. Moran|Moran, William L.]] 1987, 1992. ''The Amarna Letters.'' EA 147, ''A Hymn to the Pharaoh'', pp. 233-235. </ref>
* Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian [[Epic of Gilgamesh]]'', [[Simo Parpola|Parpola, Simo]], [[Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project]], c 1997, Tablet I thru Tablet XII, Index of Names, Sign List, and Glossary-(pp. 119–145), 165 pages.
*[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' [[Anson Rainey|Anson F. Rainey]], (AOAT 8, ''Alter Orient Altes Testament 8'', Kevelaer and Neukirchen -Vluyen), 1970, 107 pages.
SIGN
<ref>Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian [[Epic of Gilgamesh]]'', Sign List, pp. 155-165, no. 068, p. 156.</ref>
<ref>Rainey, 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' Glossary:Vocabulary, pp. 55-87, p. 24.</ref>
<ref>[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' ''EA 365, [[Biridiya]] of [[Megiddo]] to the King,'' pp. 24-27.</ref>
GLOSS////Ù ù Û û Ü ü Ǔ ǔ Ŭ ŭ Ū ū Ũ ũ Ů ů Ų ų Ụ ụ Ű ű Ǘ ǘ Ǜ ǜ Ǚ ǚ Ǖ ǖ
<ref>Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian [[Epic of Gilgamesh]]'', Glossary, pp. 119-145, '''aššum''', p. 122.</ref>
CCCCCCCCC
GLOSS-RAINEY
<ref>[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379'', ''Glossary:Vocabulary'', '''saparu''', pp. 55-87, p. 81.</ref>
GLOSS-Buccellatti
<ref>[[Giorgio Buccellatti|Buccellatti, Giorgio]], (Ugarit-Forschungen 11, 1979). ''Comparative Graphemic Analysis of [[Old Babylonian]] and Western Akkadian'', pp. 95-100.</ref>
UUU-FFFORS
*Ugarit Forschungen (Neukirchen-Vluyn). UF-11 (1979) honors [[Claude Schaeffer]], with about 100 articles in 900 pages. pp 95, ff, "Comparative Graphemic Analysis of [[Old Babylonian]] and Western Akkadian", ( i.e. Ugarit and [[Amarna letters|Amarna]] (letters), three others, [[Mari, Syria|Mari]], OB,Royal, OB,non-Royal letters). See above, in text.
*[[Giorgio Buccellatti|Buccellatti, Giorgio]]. ''Comparative Graphemic Analysis of Old Babylonian and Western Akkadian'', from ''Ugarit-Forschungen 8'', (Neukirchen-Vluyen).
*[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' [[Anson Rainey|Anson F. Rainey]], (AOAT 8, ''Alter Orient Altes Testament 8'', Kevelaer and Neukirchen -Vluyen), 1970, 107 pages.
<ref>Held, Schmalstieg, Gertz, 1987. ''Beginning Hittite'', Sign List, page 194, page 200.</ref>
Amarna letter mp3h8878.jpg
-->
<!--*[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' [[Anson Rainey|Anson F. Rainey]], (AOAT 8, ''Alter Orient Altes Testament 8'', Kevelaer and Neukirchen -Vluyen), 1970, 107 pages.-->
<!--*[[William L. Moran|Moran, William L.]] 1987, 1992. ''The Amarna Letters.'' Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. 393 pages.(softcover, ISBN 0-8018-6715-0))
<ref>[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' ''EA 365, [[Biridiya]] of [[Megiddo]] to the King,'' pp. 24-27.</ref>-->
----
<!--
<gallery widths="350px" heights="170px" perrow=widths="350px" heights="170px" perrow="2">
File:BM 90937 Simbar-Shihu kudurru.jpg|Cuneiform ''tu'', 3rd row, 2nd cuneiform sign.
</gallery>
<gallery widths="215px" heights="270px" perrow=widths="215px" heights="270px" perrow="2">
</gallery>
-->
<!--
<gallery widths="350px" heights="490px" perrow=widths="350px" heights="490px" perrow="2">
File:Amarna_letter-_Royal_Letter_from_Ashur-uballit,_the_king_of_Assyria,_to_the_king_of_Egypt_MET_24.2.11_EGDP021806.jpg|Syllabic "la" plus "a"XXXXXXXXX, Alphabetic cuneiform '''i''', [[i (cuneiform)]]; (there is only a, e, i, and (ú, commonly), or u). <br>(i-ligatured-a is used for [[ia (cuneiform)]])
<gallery mode=packed heights=185>
Image:Big Hatchet Mountains.JPG|Big Hatchet Mountains from the northeast
File:Sunrise Animas Mt..JPG|Sunrise on the Hatchet Mountains viewed from the southeast, on the CDT
File:Big Hatchet Mountains WSA (9443330666).jpg|Example of the complex geology in the range from the Big Hatchet Mountains Wilderness Study Area
</gallery>
-->
<!---->
<!--[[Category:Sumerian words and phrases]]-->
[[Category:Akkadian language]]
[[Category:Cuneiform signs, Amarna letters]]
<!----->
[[File:Amarna_letter-_Royal_Letter_from_Ashur-uballit,_the_king_of_Assyria,_to_the_king_of_Egypt_MET_24.2.11_EGDP021806.jpg|350px|right|thumb|[[Amarna letter EA 15]]-(titled: ''"Assyria joins the International Scene"''). <br> Cuneiform sign '''iš''', line 10, [[Amarna letter EA 15|EA 15]], Obverse. (See line drawing below)]]
The [[cuneiform]] sign '''iš''' is a common use sign in the [[Amarna letters]] and the ''[[Epic of Gilgamesh]].'' It is used syllabically for ''iš''; also for ''mel'', ''mil'', and a [[Sumerogram]]ic usage for ''IŠ'' (Epic of Gilgamesh). Alphabetically as "iš", its most common usage, it can be used for "i" or "š". In [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]], the four vowels ''a, e, i, o'', are all interchangeable, and the three different "s", can also be interchanged: ''s, ṣ, š''.
<!--
''za'', and ''ZA'' (ZA as parts of personal names, places, or common words, etc.), and alphabetically for "ṣ" (s), "z", or "a". (All the 4 vowels, ''a, e, i, o'' are interchangeable.)
In the 14th century BC [[Amarna letters]], "za" is used in the spelling of the word for "mayor" (city, [[city-state]] administrator), [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]] ''hazannu''.<ref>[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379'', ''Glossary:Vocabulary'', '''hazannu''', pp. 55-87, p. 64.</ref> For example in [[Amarna letter EA 144|EA 144]] (from [[Zimredda (Sidon mayor)|Zimreddi]] of Sidon), ''obverse'', line 5: "man-hazzanu", ''<sup>Lú</sup>''-[[Ha (cuneiform)|Ha]]-'''za'''-[[nu (cuneiform)|nu]]. Za has a fairly high usage in the ''vassal states'' [[corpus linguistics|sub-corpus]] of the ''Amarna letters''.-->
==''Epic of Gilgamesh'' use==
For the ''Epic of Gilgamesh'', the following usage is found in Tablets I-XII: ''iš''-(134 times); ''mel''-(1); ''mil''-(8); IŠ-(18 times).<ref>Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian [[Epic of Gilgamesh]]'', Sign List, p. 159, Sign no. 212, '''iš'''/'''mel'''.</ref>
<!--==Symbol==-->
<!---->
<!--
* Borger (2003): 851
* Borger (1981):
* HZL: 366
; phonetic values:
* Sumerian: ZA
* Akkadian: ''za, sà, ṣa''
* Hittite:
-->
<!--# -->
==References==
*Held, Schmalstieg, Gertz, 1987. ''Beginning Hittite''. Warren H. Held, Jr, William R. Schmalstieg, Janet E. Gertz, c. 1987, Slavica Publishers, Inc. w/ Glossaries, Sign List, Indexes, etc., 218 pages.
*[[William L. Moran|Moran, William L.]] 1987, 1992. ''The Amarna Letters.'' Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. 393 pages.(softcover, )
* Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian [[Epic of Gilgamesh]]'', [[Simo Parpola|Parpola, Simo]], [[Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project]], c 1997, Tablet I thru Tablet XII, Index of Names, Sign List, and Glossary-(pp. 119–145), 165 pages.
*[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' [[Anson Rainey|Anson F. Rainey]], (AOAT 8, ''Alter Orient Altes Testament 8'')
<gallery mode=packed heights=425>
Image:Amarna_letter-_Royal_Letter_from_Ashur-uballit,_the_king_of_Assyria,_to_the_king_of_Egypt_MET_DP-211-142.jpg|Cuneiform sign '''iš''', line 10, 2nd character, [[Amarna letter EA 15|EA 15]], Obverse <br> ''"[[la (cuneiform)|lā]] iš-[[pu (cuneiform)|pu]]-[[ru (cuneiform)|ru]]"''<br> (A short letter from the King of [[Assyria]] to [[Pharaoh]] <br> šapăru ("Not sent"))
File:|Sunrise on the Hatchet Mountains viewed from the southeast, on the CDT
File:|Example of the complex geology in the range from the Big Hatchet Mountains Wilderness Study Area
</gallery>
<!--
==External links==
*[https://ift.tt/1FxjxgQ [[Amarna letter EA 271|EA 271]] Obverse, ''"tu"'', 2nd row from bottom]
-->
<!--////UUUUUUUUUUUUU
*Held, Schmalstieg, Gertz, 1987. ''Beginning Hittite''. Warren H. Held, Jr, William R. Schmalstieg, Janet E. Gertz, c. 1987, Slavica Publishers, Inc. w/ Glossaries, Sign List, Indexes, etc, 218 pages.
*[[William L. Moran|Moran, William L.]] 1987, 1992. ''The Amarna Letters.'' Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. 393 pages.(softcover, ISBN 0-8018-6715-0)
<ref>[[William L. Moran|Moran, William L.]] 1987, 1992. ''The Amarna Letters.'' EA 147, ''A Hymn to the Pharaoh'', pp. 233-235. </ref>
* Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian [[Epic of Gilgamesh]]'', [[Simo Parpola|Parpola, Simo]], [[Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project]], c 1997, Tablet I thru Tablet XII, Index of Names, Sign List, and Glossary-(pp. 119–145), 165 pages.
*[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' [[Anson Rainey|Anson F. Rainey]], (AOAT 8, ''Alter Orient Altes Testament 8'', Kevelaer and Neukirchen -Vluyen), 1970, 107 pages.
SIGN
<ref>Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian [[Epic of Gilgamesh]]'', Sign List, pp. 155-165, no. 068, p. 156.</ref>
<ref>Rainey, 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' Glossary:Vocabulary, pp. 55-87, p. 24.</ref>
<ref>[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' ''EA 365, [[Biridiya]] of [[Megiddo]] to the King,'' pp. 24-27.</ref>
GLOSS////Ù ù Û û Ü ü Ǔ ǔ Ŭ ŭ Ū ū Ũ ũ Ů ů Ų ų Ụ ụ Ű ű Ǘ ǘ Ǜ ǜ Ǚ ǚ Ǖ ǖ
<ref>Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian [[Epic of Gilgamesh]]'', Glossary, pp. 119-145, '''aššum''', p. 122.</ref>
CCCCCCCCC
GLOSS-RAINEY
<ref>[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379'', ''Glossary:Vocabulary'', '''saparu''', pp. 55-87, p. 81.</ref>
GLOSS-Buccellatti
<ref>[[Giorgio Buccellatti|Buccellatti, Giorgio]], (Ugarit-Forschungen 11, 1979). ''Comparative Graphemic Analysis of [[Old Babylonian]] and Western Akkadian'', pp. 95-100.</ref>
UUU-FFFORS
*Ugarit Forschungen (Neukirchen-Vluyn). UF-11 (1979) honors [[Claude Schaeffer]], with about 100 articles in 900 pages. pp 95, ff, "Comparative Graphemic Analysis of [[Old Babylonian]] and Western Akkadian", ( i.e. Ugarit and [[Amarna letters|Amarna]] (letters), three others, [[Mari, Syria|Mari]], OB,Royal, OB,non-Royal letters). See above, in text.
*[[Giorgio Buccellatti|Buccellatti, Giorgio]]. ''Comparative Graphemic Analysis of Old Babylonian and Western Akkadian'', from ''Ugarit-Forschungen 8'', (Neukirchen-Vluyen).
*[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' [[Anson Rainey|Anson F. Rainey]], (AOAT 8, ''Alter Orient Altes Testament 8'', Kevelaer and Neukirchen -Vluyen), 1970, 107 pages.
<ref>Held, Schmalstieg, Gertz, 1987. ''Beginning Hittite'', Sign List, page 194, page 200.</ref>
Amarna letter mp3h8878.jpg
-->
<!--*[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' [[Anson Rainey|Anson F. Rainey]], (AOAT 8, ''Alter Orient Altes Testament 8'', Kevelaer and Neukirchen -Vluyen), 1970, 107 pages.-->
<!--*[[William L. Moran|Moran, William L.]] 1987, 1992. ''The Amarna Letters.'' Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. 393 pages.(softcover, ISBN 0-8018-6715-0))
<ref>[[Anson Rainey|Rainey]], 1970. ''El Amarna Tablets, 359-379,'' ''EA 365, [[Biridiya]] of [[Megiddo]] to the King,'' pp. 24-27.</ref>-->
----
<!--
<gallery widths="350px" heights="170px" perrow=widths="350px" heights="170px" perrow="2">
File:BM 90937 Simbar-Shihu kudurru.jpg|Cuneiform ''tu'', 3rd row, 2nd cuneiform sign.
</gallery>
<gallery widths="215px" heights="270px" perrow=widths="215px" heights="270px" perrow="2">
</gallery>
-->
<!--
<gallery widths="350px" heights="490px" perrow=widths="350px" heights="490px" perrow="2">
File:Amarna_letter-_Royal_Letter_from_Ashur-uballit,_the_king_of_Assyria,_to_the_king_of_Egypt_MET_24.2.11_EGDP021806.jpg|Syllabic "la" plus "a"XXXXXXXXX, Alphabetic cuneiform '''i''', [[i (cuneiform)]]; (there is only a, e, i, and (ú, commonly), or u). <br>(i-ligatured-a is used for [[ia (cuneiform)]])
<gallery mode=packed heights=185>
Image:Big Hatchet Mountains.JPG|Big Hatchet Mountains from the northeast
File:Sunrise Animas Mt..JPG|Sunrise on the Hatchet Mountains viewed from the southeast, on the CDT
File:Big Hatchet Mountains WSA (9443330666).jpg|Example of the complex geology in the range from the Big Hatchet Mountains Wilderness Study Area
</gallery>
-->
<!---->
<!--[[Category:Sumerian words and phrases]]-->
[[Category:Akkadian language]]
[[Category:Cuneiform signs, Amarna letters]]
October 10, 2018 at 05:37AM
