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Melvin Cohn
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'''Melvin Cohn''' (1922 – October 23, 2018) was an American immunologist and a co-founder of the [[Salk Institute for Biological Studies]] in [[La Jolla]], California. He was a pioneer in the research of [[gene regulation]].
== Biography ==
Cohn was born in New York City in 1922. Although both of his parents worked in law, he chose to study physics at [[City College of New York]]. After graduating in 1940, he entered the graduate school of [[Columbia University]] and earned his master's degree in chemistry.<ref name=":0"></ref><ref name=":1"></ref>
During World War II, Cohn was drafted into the [[United States Army]] and served in a medical unit in the [[Pacific War|Pacific Theater]]. After the end of the war, he was sent to [[Hiroshima]], Japan in 1945 to study the effects of the [[Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki|atomic bombing]] on the city's population.<ref name=":0" /> He also diagnosed patients affected by a major [[diphtheria]] epidemic in the country.<ref name=":1" />
After being discharged from the army in 1946, he attended [[New York University]] and earned his Ph.D in biochemistry in 1949, with a specialization in [[immunoglobulins]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (1 for 2)</ref> He then worked in Paris, France at the [[Pasteur Institute]], conducting research on genes and cells with the French scientist [[Jacques Monod]], who later won the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]].<ref name=":1" />
From 1955 to 1958, Cohn served as professor of microbiology at the [[Washington University School of Medicine]] in [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]]. In 1959, he moved to [[Stanford University]] in [[Palo Alto, California]], where he was professor of biochemistry.<ref name=":2" /> Cohn's reputation as a leading researcher in molecular biology attracted the attention of [[Jonas Salk]], who was planning to build the [[Salk Institute for Biological Studies]]. They struck a friendship as Cohn drove Salk around the [[San Francisco Bay Area]] looking at potential sites.<ref name=":1" />
In 1961,<ref name=":0" /> when Salk decided to build his institute in [[La Jolla]] in [[Southern California]], he invited Cohn and [[Renato Dulbecco]] to serve as co-founders, which they both accepted despite the risks involved in joining a new venture which was still short of money.<ref name=":1" /> Cohn's wife, biologist Suzanne Bourgeois, also joined them.<ref name=":1" />
Cohn studied the [[immune system]] for the next 57 years. He demonstrated that [[immunoglobulins]] and [[white blood cells]] react directly to [[pathogens]] to protect the body from infection, and developed computer models to predict the immune system's response to infections.<ref name=":0" />
Cohn died in [[San Diego]], California on October 23, 2018, at the age of 96.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref></ref>
== References ==
[[Category:1922 births]]
[[Category:2018 deaths]]
[[Category:American immunologists]]
[[Category:City College of New York alumni]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:New York University alumni]]
[[Category:Washington University School of Medicine faculty]]
[[Category:Stanford University faculty]]
[[Category:Pasteur Institute]]
[[Category:Scientists from New York City]]
[[Category:American army personnel of World War II]]
== Biography ==
Cohn was born in New York City in 1922. Although both of his parents worked in law, he chose to study physics at [[City College of New York]]. After graduating in 1940, he entered the graduate school of [[Columbia University]] and earned his master's degree in chemistry.<ref name=":0"></ref><ref name=":1"></ref>
During World War II, Cohn was drafted into the [[United States Army]] and served in a medical unit in the [[Pacific War|Pacific Theater]]. After the end of the war, he was sent to [[Hiroshima]], Japan in 1945 to study the effects of the [[Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki|atomic bombing]] on the city's population.<ref name=":0" /> He also diagnosed patients affected by a major [[diphtheria]] epidemic in the country.<ref name=":1" />
After being discharged from the army in 1946, he attended [[New York University]] and earned his Ph.D in biochemistry in 1949, with a specialization in [[immunoglobulins]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (1 for 2)</ref> He then worked in Paris, France at the [[Pasteur Institute]], conducting research on genes and cells with the French scientist [[Jacques Monod]], who later won the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]].<ref name=":1" />
From 1955 to 1958, Cohn served as professor of microbiology at the [[Washington University School of Medicine]] in [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]]. In 1959, he moved to [[Stanford University]] in [[Palo Alto, California]], where he was professor of biochemistry.<ref name=":2" /> Cohn's reputation as a leading researcher in molecular biology attracted the attention of [[Jonas Salk]], who was planning to build the [[Salk Institute for Biological Studies]]. They struck a friendship as Cohn drove Salk around the [[San Francisco Bay Area]] looking at potential sites.<ref name=":1" />
In 1961,<ref name=":0" /> when Salk decided to build his institute in [[La Jolla]] in [[Southern California]], he invited Cohn and [[Renato Dulbecco]] to serve as co-founders, which they both accepted despite the risks involved in joining a new venture which was still short of money.<ref name=":1" /> Cohn's wife, biologist Suzanne Bourgeois, also joined them.<ref name=":1" />
Cohn studied the [[immune system]] for the next 57 years. He demonstrated that [[immunoglobulins]] and [[white blood cells]] react directly to [[pathogens]] to protect the body from infection, and developed computer models to predict the immune system's response to infections.<ref name=":0" />
Cohn died in [[San Diego]], California on October 23, 2018, at the age of 96.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref></ref>
== References ==
[[Category:1922 births]]
[[Category:2018 deaths]]
[[Category:American immunologists]]
[[Category:City College of New York alumni]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:New York University alumni]]
[[Category:Washington University School of Medicine faculty]]
[[Category:Stanford University faculty]]
[[Category:Pasteur Institute]]
[[Category:Scientists from New York City]]
[[Category:American army personnel of World War II]]
November 02, 2018 at 05:18PM
