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Michael G. Sullivan (biologist)

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Michael G. Sullivan (biologist)

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'''Michael G. Sullivan''' is a Canadian biologist specializing in fisheries, wildlife and land use management. He is best known for his role in the active recovery of Alberta's collapsed walleye population.
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Michael G. Sullivan
|-
|'''Born'''
|June 22, 1958
Edmonton, AB
|-
|'''Residence'''
|Edmonton, AB
|-
|'''Education'''
|Doctorate of Philosophy in Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Alberta

Master of Science in Zoology, University of Alberta

Bachelor of Science in Zoology, University of Alberta
|-
|'''Organization'''
|Alberta Environment and Parks, Government of Alberta (Fisheries Science Specialist)
Parks Canada (Advisor)
North American Journal of Fisheries Management (Associate Editor);

University of Alberta (Adjunct professor)

Royal Roads University (Adjunct Professor)
|-
|'''Known for'''
|Fisheries, Wildlife and Landuse Management, Fish Conservation, Human Impact on Aquatic Ecosystems
|}

== Biography ==

=== Early Life ===
Michael Sullivan was born June 22, 1958 in Edmonton, Alberta<ref name=":0">Personal Communication: Michael G. Sullivan, Alberta Provincial Fish Science Specialist</ref>. He had an active upbringing where he spent much of his time outdoors in the Alberta wilderness. His summers were spent in northern Saskatchewan near Denare Beach, home of the Peter Ballantyne peoples. It was here he developed a deep appreciation and respect for the first nation peoples and developed many outdoor skills he continues to use both in his working and personal life<ref name=":0" />.

Michael is married to Heidi Zwickel; her father, Fred C Zwickel was a grouse biologist who had a major influence on Michael's academic and career choices. Michael and Heidi have two children, Sierra who is undergoing a PhD in trout conservation and genetics at the University of British Columbia, and Ben who is an environmental scientist<ref name=":0" />.

=== Education ===
In the late 1970's Michael began a bachelor's degree in Zoology at the University of Alberta. He continued in a master's degree (1980-1983) at the University of Alberta where he studied how northern pike (''Esox lucius)'' populations are controlled in a non-disturbed lake. To study this, he headed into an unnamed lake in northern Saskatchewan with a team of dogs pulling an aluminum boat. He survived on the Peter Ballantyne peoples traplines for 33 months; and spent considerable time interacting and living with the first nation peoples which enhanced his appreciation for Cree culture. He inserted radio tags into northern pike and used a Yagi-Uda antenna mounted to the aluminum boat to track the pike<ref name=":0" />.

Immediately following completion of his master's degree he began working as a junior biologist for the Government of Alberta and began a Doctorate of Philosophy in Evolutionary and Environmental Biology at the University of Alberta, concentrating on walleye management. He worked on his PhD part-time until he graduated in 2003<ref name=":0" />. Publications which arose during or shortly after his PhD include ''Canada's recreational fisheries: the invisible collapse?''<ref>Post, John R., Sullivan, Michael G., Cox, Sean, Lester, Nigel P., Walters, Carl J., Parkinson, Eric A., Paul, Andrew J., Jackson, Leyland, and Shuter, Brian J.  2002. "Canada's Recreational Fisheries: The Invisible Collapse?" ''Fisheries'' 27 (1): 6–17. <nowiki>https://ift.tt/3aJUxGu' ''Illegal Angling Harvest of Walleyes Protected by Length Limits in Alberta''<ref>Sullivan, Michael G. 2002. "Illegal Angling Harvest of Walleyes Protected by Length Limits in Alberta." ''North American Journal of Fisheries Management'' 22 (3): 1053–63. <nowiki>https://ift.tt/3cOlIll>, ''Active Management of Walleye Fisheries in Alberta: Dilemmas of Managing Recovering Fisheries''<ref>Sullivan, Michael G. 2003a. "Active Management of Walleye Fisheries in Alberta: Dilemmas of Managing Recovering Fisheries." ''North American Journal of Fisheries Management'' 23 (4): 1343–58. <nowiki>https://ift.tt/2Q4bxiz', Exaggeration of Walleye Catches by Alberta Anglers''<ref>Sullivan, Michael G.. 2003b. "Exaggeration of Walleye Catches by Alberta Anglers." ''North American Journal of Fisheries Management'' 23 (2): 573–80. <nowiki>https://ift.tt/2TS7I1g' and a textbook titled ''Fish of Alberta''<ref>Joynt, Amanda, and Sullivan, Michael G. 2003. "Fish of Alberta" Edmonton, AB: ''Lone Pine Publishing''</ref>''.''

=== Career ===
Michael began his career with the Government of Alberta in 1983 as a junior biologist in St. Paul, AB<ref name=":1">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> and has stayed with the government since<ref name=":0" />. He currently serves as the provincial fish science specialist for Alberta Environment and Parks<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>. His main area of expertise is in fisheries management, but he has also contributed to caribou studies and management in Alberta and British Columbia. He was a vital part of the team that worked on restoring Alberta's collapsed walleye populations<ref name=":2"> Talk Alberta Environment and Parks|website=talkaep.alberta.ca|access-date=2020-03-10}}</ref>.

In the mid 1990's Michael began to serve as an advisor to Park Canada in the western national parks<ref name=":0" />. He has been a member of the North American Journal of Fisheries Management Editorial board for many years and currently sits as the Associate Editor<ref name=":0" />. He is adjunct professor both at the University of Alberta<ref> Faculty of Science|website=www.ualberta.ca|access-date=2020-03-10}}</ref> and Royal Roads University<ref name=":0" />, where he has acted as a supervisor to graduate students<ref name=":3"></ref>. He serves on various projects at the ALCES, a group which provides landuse and resource solutions<ref name=":3" />.

=== Significant Contributions ===
Michael considers his most significant contribution to have been part of the team that helped restore Alberta fish populations for traditional use, and at a stage in his life where he is confident junior biologists in fish management will be able to keep sustain and keep management moving in the right direction<ref name=":0" />. Native fish in Alberta were overharvested for decades, and walleye, pike, whitefish, etc. populations are still recovering. Since Alberta is somewhat scarce in waterbodies compared to the rest of Canada (estimated 315 anglers per lake, compared to 2 in SK, 2 in MN, and 6 in ON) <ref name=":4"> Talk Alberta Environment and Parks|website=talkaep.alberta.ca|access-date=2020-03-10}}</ref>,and has a relatively short fishing season <ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" />, the fisheries are vulnerable<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" />. Michael was part of the team of biologists at the Government of Alberta that came up with a framework with 4 main management objectives related to: i) first nations, ii) ecosystem iii) fish habitat and iv) recreation fisheries<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" />. Alberta currently actively manages population by surveying fish populations (index netting, creel samples, electrofishing) <ref name=":4" /><ref name=":2" />and receiving fisheries data (angler surveying and indigenous netting survey) <ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" />to establish a fish sustainability index (FSI) from 0 (extirpated) to 5 (very low risk) <ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" />. Depending on populations and fishing pressure, regulation types are chosen for recreational fishing including minimum lengths, bag limit restrictions, special harvest licenses, and catch or release, or if conservation/recovery is not possible, a lake may be closed, or stocked for recovery<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" />. Bait and gear restrictions and seasonal closures are also in effect<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" />.

In addition to Michaels influence in the scientific and professional biologist community, he is very approachable and reaches many Albertans through the news<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> <ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref></ref> <ref></ref> <ref></ref> <ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> <sup>iv],[v],[vi],[vii],[viii],[ix],</sup>, online videos <ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> and community meetings <ref name=":5"></ref> <ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>.

=== Influences ===
During both his education and career Michael was influenced by First Nation peoples, John R. Post, Nigel P. Lester, and [[Carl Walters|Carl J. Walter]]. Carl Walters believed that the "biggest mistake of fisheries science is believing that it is about fish", an ideology which Michael greatly respects and follows<ref name=":0" />. Both men believe that by properly managing and restoring recreational fish populations, first nation peoples are restored their rights and heritage.

=== Notable Awards and Honours ===
In 2019 Michael Sullivan received the Award of Excellence from the Fisheries Management Section<ref name=":1" /> of the American Fisheries Society. In 2015 he received the Alberta Chapter of Wildlife Outreach Award<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>. He has received various internal awards from the Alberta Government for Fisheries & Caribou Conservation<ref name=":0" />.

Despite numerous awards<ref name=":3" />, one of his highest honours is teaching near Maskwacis and now being to tell youth first nations that walleye populations in Pigeon Lake have recovered enough for them to go fishing, which was not possible a decade ago<ref name=":5" />. Runs of fish are returning to small tributaries of the North Saskatchewan, having the opportunity to be part of tobacco ceremonies with elders on Whitemud Creek has had a great impact on Michael<ref name=":0" />.

=== Volunteerism ===
Throughout his career with the Alberta Government Michael has received numerous occupational health and safety training courses (Wilderness First Aid, Swift Water Rescue III, Avalanche Training, etc.). In addition to field work he applies these safety training courses to skillfully volunteer at local events, as is a volunteer member of the Canadian Ski Patrol. Most recently Michael volunteered at the River Edge Ultra Running Race, an 100 km running race near Devon where runners wade to an island on the North Saskatchewan River, requiring (potential) river rescuers<ref name=":0" />.

=== Selected Publications ===

==== Journal Publications ====

* Watkins, Owen B., Andrew J. Paul, Stephen C. Spencer, Michael G. Sullivan, and Lee Foote. 2019. "Dude, Where's My Transmitter? Probability of Radio Transmitter Detections and Locational Errors for Tracking River Fish." ''North American Journal of Fisheries Management'' 39 (4): 753–61. <nowiki>https://ift.tt/338CneE>.
* Mogensen, Stephanie, Post, John R., and Sullivan, Michael G. 2014. "Vulnerability to Harvest by Anglers Differs across Climate, Productivity, and Diversity Clines." ''Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences'' 71 (3): 416–26. <nowiki>https://ift.tt/2vWMNC1>.
* Patterson, William F., and Sullivan, Michael G. 2013. "Testing and Refining the Assumptions of Put-and-Take Rainbow Trout Fisheries in Alberta." ''Human Dimensions of Wildlife'' 18 (5): 340–54. <nowiki>https://ift.tt/2vL3QqT>.
* MacPherson, Laura M., Sullivan, Michael G., Foote, Lee, and Stevens, Cameron E. 2012. "Effects of Culverts on Stream Fish Assemblages in the Alberta Foothills." ''North American Journal of Fisheries Managemen''t 32 (3): 480–90. <nowiki>https://ift.tt/2IN9ADr>.
* Macpherson, Laura, Sullivan, Michael G., Foote, Lee and Stevens, Cameron E. 2011. "How Road Networks Affect Stream Fish Assemblages." In proceedings of the ''American Fisheries Society 140th Annual Meeting''.
* Stevens, Cameron E., Council, Trevor, and Sullivan, Michael G. 2010. "Influences of Human Stressors on Fish-Based Metrics for Assessing River Condition in Central Alberta." ''Water Quality Research Journal of Canada'' 45 (1): 35–46.
* Walker, Jordan R., Foote, Lee, and Sullivan, Michael G. 2007. "Effectiveness of Enforcement to Deter Illegal Angling Harvest of Northern Pike in Alberta." ''North American Journal of Fisheries Management'' 27 (4): 1369–77. <nowiki>https://ift.tt/3cOghCI>.
* Sullivan, Michael G. 2002. "Illegal Angling Harvest of Walleyes Protected by Length Limits in Alberta." ''North American Journal of Fisheries Management'' 22 (3): 1053–63. <nowiki>https://ift.tt/39JvCCI.
* Sullivan, Michael G. 2003a. "Active Management of Walleye Fisheries in Alberta: Dilemmas of Managing Recovering Fisheries." ''North American Journal of Fisheries Management'' 23 (4): 1343–58. <nowiki>https://ift.tt/2Q5f4xb>.
* Sullivan, Michael G.. 2003b. "Exaggeration of Walleye Catches by Alberta Anglers." ''North American Journal of Fisheries Management'' 23 (2): 573–80. <nowiki>https://ift.tt/2v8Ie7h.
* Post, John R., Sullivan, Michael G., Cox, Sean, Lester, Nigel P., Walters, Carl J., Parkinson, Eric A., Paul, Andrew J., Jackson, Leyland, and Shuter, Brian J.  2002. "Canada's Recreational Fisheries: The Invisible Collapse?" ''Fisheries'' 27 (1): 6–17. <nowiki>https://ift.tt/2W4HLOz.

==== Textbook Publications ====

* Sullivan, Michael G., Propst, David, and Gould, Bill. 2009 "Fish of the Rockies: including best fishing sites." Edmonton, AB: ''Lone Pine Publishing''
* Joynt, Amanda, and Sullivan, Michael G. 2003. "Fish of Alberta" Edmonton, AB: ''Lone Pine Publishing''

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=== References and Links ===
<references />
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March 11, 2020 at 12:12AM

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