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Harry Keen
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'''Harry Keen''' (3 September 1925 – 5 April 2013)<ref name=indep>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> was an English [[diabetologist]] and a professor of [[human metabolism]] at [[Guy's Hospital]]. He was the first to identify [[microalbuminuria]] as a predictor of kidney disease in diabetics, and was an international authority on diabetes.
==Early life==
Keen was born in 1925 in London to Sydney Keen, a tailor, and Esther (née Zenober), a teacher who had migrated to the United Kingdom from Poland. He attended St Ann's School in [[Hanwell]] and [[Ealing, Hammersmith and West London College|Ealing County Grammar School for Boys]].<ref name=munk></ref> He studied medicine at [[St Mary's Hospital Medical School]], graduating on 5 July 1948, the day that the [[National Health Service]] (NHS) was established.<ref name=indep/>
==Career==
Keen began his medical career as a house officer at London's [[West Middlesex Hospital]] in 1948–49. He then enlisted in the [[Royal Army Medical Corps]], serving for two years in [[Suez]], Egypt. He returned to London in 1951, taking up a post at [[St Mary's Hospital, London|St Mary's Hospital]] under [[George Pickering (physician)|George Pickering]].<ref name=munk/> Keen assisted Pickering over several years on a large project studying [[hypertension]] in patients with [[diabetes]] and their first-degree relatives. In 1953, he began collaborating with [[Robert Daniel Lawrence]], who headed the diabetes clinic at [[King's College Hospital]], and spent seven years there studying diabetes and its long-term complications.<ref name=diab></ref> He travelled to [[Bethesda, Maryland]], in 1960 for a year-long research fellowship at the [[National Institutes of Health]],<ref name=munk/> where he experimented with [[insulin]] assays and early attempts to isolate [[pancreatic islets]].<ref name=epid></ref>
When Keen returned to London from the United States in 1961, he was hired as a lecturer by [[Guy's Hospital]] and its associated medical school, where he would spend the rest of his career.<ref name=diab/> In 1962, he conducted the Beford Survey, in which every adult in [[Bedford]] was asked to provide a urine sample in order to study the population prevalence of diabetes. The study led to the first definition of [[prediabetes]], which Keen called "borderline diabetes", and demonstrated the relationship between [[glucose intolerance]] and [[cardiovascular disease]] at a population level. He and his colleagues became the first, in 1964, to show that trace amounts of the protein [[albumin]] in urine could predict kidney disease in diabetes, which is now the basis for routine kidney screen in diabetic patients.<ref name=indep/> With the [[London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine]], he conducted the Whitehall Survey in 1969,<ref name=guardian>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> which led to the creation of different glucose thresholds for [[microvascular disease|microvascular]] and [[macrovascular disease]].<ref name=bmj></ref> He also pioneered the concept of the [[insulin pump]], which delivers insulin continuously to [[type 1 diabetes|type 1 diabetics]] who are reliant on insulin.<ref name=guardian/> In 1971, he was appointed professor of [[human metabolism]] at Guy's.<ref name=diab/> He established one of the UK's first diabetes centres at Guy's Hospital.<ref></ref>
Keen chaired the 1980 and 1985 [[World Health Organisation]] expert committees on diabetes.<ref name=diab/> He was involved in the [[St. Vincent Declaration]] of 1989, which set international goals and benchmarks for diabetes care.<ref name=bmj/> He retired from medicine in 1990, becoming professor emeritus at [[King's College London]].<ref name=diab/>
==Awards and honours==
Keen chaired the [[British Diabetic Association]] between 1990 and 1996 and was appointed honorary president of the [[International Diabetes Federation]] in 1991. He was awarded a [[CBE]] and the first United Nations/UNESCO Hellmut Mehnert Award for the Prevention of Diabetes and its Complications in 1998.<ref name=indep/> He received the [[American Diabetes Association]]'s Kelly M West Award and Harold Rifkin Award for Distinguished International Service in the Cause of Diabetes in 1989 and 1992 respectively.<ref name=diab/>
==Personal life==
Keen married Anna "Nan" Miliband, the sister of sociologist [[Ralph Miliband]], in 1953; they had a son and a daughter. He was an uncle by marriage to [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] politicians [[Ed Miliband]] and [[David Miliband]].<ref name=munk/>
==References==
[[Category:1925 births]]
[[Category:2013 deaths]]
[[Category:British diabetologists]]
[[Category:English medical researchers]]
[[Category:Physicians of Guy's Hospital]]
[[Category:Academics of King's College London]]
[[Category:Alumni of St Mary's Hospital Medical School]]
[[Category:People educated at Ealing County Grammar School for Boys]]
==Early life==
Keen was born in 1925 in London to Sydney Keen, a tailor, and Esther (née Zenober), a teacher who had migrated to the United Kingdom from Poland. He attended St Ann's School in [[Hanwell]] and [[Ealing, Hammersmith and West London College|Ealing County Grammar School for Boys]].<ref name=munk></ref> He studied medicine at [[St Mary's Hospital Medical School]], graduating on 5 July 1948, the day that the [[National Health Service]] (NHS) was established.<ref name=indep/>
==Career==
Keen began his medical career as a house officer at London's [[West Middlesex Hospital]] in 1948–49. He then enlisted in the [[Royal Army Medical Corps]], serving for two years in [[Suez]], Egypt. He returned to London in 1951, taking up a post at [[St Mary's Hospital, London|St Mary's Hospital]] under [[George Pickering (physician)|George Pickering]].<ref name=munk/> Keen assisted Pickering over several years on a large project studying [[hypertension]] in patients with [[diabetes]] and their first-degree relatives. In 1953, he began collaborating with [[Robert Daniel Lawrence]], who headed the diabetes clinic at [[King's College Hospital]], and spent seven years there studying diabetes and its long-term complications.<ref name=diab></ref> He travelled to [[Bethesda, Maryland]], in 1960 for a year-long research fellowship at the [[National Institutes of Health]],<ref name=munk/> where he experimented with [[insulin]] assays and early attempts to isolate [[pancreatic islets]].<ref name=epid></ref>
When Keen returned to London from the United States in 1961, he was hired as a lecturer by [[Guy's Hospital]] and its associated medical school, where he would spend the rest of his career.<ref name=diab/> In 1962, he conducted the Beford Survey, in which every adult in [[Bedford]] was asked to provide a urine sample in order to study the population prevalence of diabetes. The study led to the first definition of [[prediabetes]], which Keen called "borderline diabetes", and demonstrated the relationship between [[glucose intolerance]] and [[cardiovascular disease]] at a population level. He and his colleagues became the first, in 1964, to show that trace amounts of the protein [[albumin]] in urine could predict kidney disease in diabetes, which is now the basis for routine kidney screen in diabetic patients.<ref name=indep/> With the [[London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine]], he conducted the Whitehall Survey in 1969,<ref name=guardian>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> which led to the creation of different glucose thresholds for [[microvascular disease|microvascular]] and [[macrovascular disease]].<ref name=bmj></ref> He also pioneered the concept of the [[insulin pump]], which delivers insulin continuously to [[type 1 diabetes|type 1 diabetics]] who are reliant on insulin.<ref name=guardian/> In 1971, he was appointed professor of [[human metabolism]] at Guy's.<ref name=diab/> He established one of the UK's first diabetes centres at Guy's Hospital.<ref></ref>
Keen chaired the 1980 and 1985 [[World Health Organisation]] expert committees on diabetes.<ref name=diab/> He was involved in the [[St. Vincent Declaration]] of 1989, which set international goals and benchmarks for diabetes care.<ref name=bmj/> He retired from medicine in 1990, becoming professor emeritus at [[King's College London]].<ref name=diab/>
==Awards and honours==
Keen chaired the [[British Diabetic Association]] between 1990 and 1996 and was appointed honorary president of the [[International Diabetes Federation]] in 1991. He was awarded a [[CBE]] and the first United Nations/UNESCO Hellmut Mehnert Award for the Prevention of Diabetes and its Complications in 1998.<ref name=indep/> He received the [[American Diabetes Association]]'s Kelly M West Award and Harold Rifkin Award for Distinguished International Service in the Cause of Diabetes in 1989 and 1992 respectively.<ref name=diab/>
==Personal life==
Keen married Anna "Nan" Miliband, the sister of sociologist [[Ralph Miliband]], in 1953; they had a son and a daughter. He was an uncle by marriage to [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] politicians [[Ed Miliband]] and [[David Miliband]].<ref name=munk/>
==References==
[[Category:1925 births]]
[[Category:2013 deaths]]
[[Category:British diabetologists]]
[[Category:English medical researchers]]
[[Category:Physicians of Guy's Hospital]]
[[Category:Academics of King's College London]]
[[Category:Alumni of St Mary's Hospital Medical School]]
[[Category:People educated at Ealing County Grammar School for Boys]]
November 09, 2019 at 08:21PM
