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Parspatunik
Matianian: /* History */
Parspatunik(in Armenian: Պարսպատունիք, also Parasapatene [https://ift.tt/36D1ZBY] and Patsparunik<ref></ref>,Parparunik) was the 26th district of [[Vaspurakan]] province and the largest region (550 km ²<ref name=":0">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Еремян С.Т. ''Армения по "Ашхарацуйц"-у.(Армянской географии VII века) (опыт реконструкции армянской карты VII века на современной картографической основе). -'' Ереван, 1963 - С. 117.</ref>) of the kingdom of [[Greater Armenia]]. After 72 A.D. became the principality of Great Armenia, which owned two regions (Parspatunik and Marand) in the province of Vaspurakan. The region belonged to the princely family of Parspatuni (Parspuni, Parsparuni)<ref></ref> which is mentioned in [[Gahnamak]] in the "Acts of Nersis", dating back to the reign of Arshak II (350-368).
== History ==
In antiquity, the main territory of Parspatunik (modern Karadag) was part of the [[Scythian]] state-tribal entity. In the western part of Parspatunik, [[Marand]], the center of the ancient region [[Sangibutu]] [[Ulhu]] was located[https://ift.tt/32n9Hge]. Then the region was part of the kingdom [[Biainili]](Arartu, [[Urartu]]). Subsequently, these areas again fell into the power of the Scythians. They later became part of the [[Median Empire]]. After the division of the empire of [[Alexander the Great]], Parspatnik became part of the [[Media]] [[Atropatena]]. After [[Artashes I]] gained complete independence from the [[Seleucids]], Parspatunik was annexed to Great Armenia during the Eastern campaign of Artashes I [https://ift.tt/2NIVnte]. Marand was part of the Armenian kingdom even before the conquests of King Artashes I.
The princely clan of Parspatuni descended from the [[Matiene]] kings of [[Sangibutu]].
Having become princes, the naxarars of Parspatuni united under their rule the regions of Parspatunik and Marand, choosing the Marand's [[Bakurarakert]](Greco-Roman Philadelphia) as their capital.
Parspatnik was not included into Vaspurakan after the second partition of Great Armenia in 591 by the Roman and [[Sasanids]] empires.
Then, later, under the rule of the [[Arab caliphate]], the region is no longer part of Vaspurakan <ref>[https://ift.tt/2CgAdx1 1]</ref><ref>[https://updoc.site/download/5acf317913ded_pdf]</ref>The population of Parspatunik was significantly Islamized during the Caliphate.
== Geographical location and population ==
Parspatunik was located between the rivers [[Araxes]](from the north) and [[Kara-Su]](from the east) and the [[Parthian empire]] in the south. In the north, along the [[Araxes River]], the principality bordered with the provinces of [[Artsakh]], [[Syunik]] and [[Ayrarat]], in the west with the principality of Amatunik and the province of [[Nor-Shirakan]](Parskahayk), in the east with the province of [[Paytakaran]](Kaspk).
By its geographical position, Parspatnik was located on the border of the Armenian and Parthian kingdoms.
In the I-VI centuries, this region was the 26th ghawar(region) and the principality ([[naxarar]]dom) of the Armenian province of Vaspurakan, as mentioned by the 7th-century Armenian geographer and historian [[Anania Shirakatsi]] in his book "[[Ashkharatsuyts]]" [https://ift.tt/2pL0K2Z].
The population of Parspatunik consisted mainly of Iranian (Atropatenian) tribes. This ethnic composition of the population of Parspatunik is explained the fact that, despite his vast possessions, [[naxarar]] Parspatuni sent only 50 mounted soldiers to the army of the king of Greater Armenia. In addition, this fact, captured in [[Zoranamak]], shows us that the Iranian tribes did not perform regular military service in the Armenian Kingdom.
The Armenian population was concentrated in the towns and mountain villages near the fortresses, where it has survived to this day in modern [[Iran]]<ref name=":1"></ref>.
In the mountainous wooded territory of Parspatunik (Karadag), adjacent to the right bank of the Araxes, there were small Armenian melikdoms until the end of the [[First World War]][https://ift.tt/2PV5opJ Political map of the Armenian Highlands in the 16th century during the period of the Turkish-Persian Wars][https://archive.is/j7pzH/ce02ebfbf0eee347a9a2d261052c078b71fb625b.jpg].
Description of the military campaign of Prince [[Madatov]] in Persian Karadag:
" <center></center> ".
Some of the Armenian melikdoms of Karadag(Parspatunik) were founded by settlers from [[Karabakh]]([[Artsakh]]).
The modern historical region of Parspatnik is located on the territory of the Iranian region [[Arasbaran]] (Karadag) and was abandoned by the majority of the Armenian population during the repatriation period 1946-1947. A large number of monuments of Armenian architecture have been preserved in the region<ref name=":4"></ref>[14
The remaining Armenian population of Parspatunik (Karadag) is concentrated in the mountainous region, on the border of the Iranian provinces of [[Ardabil]] and [[East Azerbaijan]]<ref>[http://gulf2000.columbia.edu/images/maps/Iran_Ethnic_lg.png]</ref><ref></ref>.
November 06, 2019 at 06:59PM
