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Martin M. Block
Suslindisambiguator: created page with 11 references
'''Martin Moses Block''' (November 29, 1925, [[Newark, New Jersey]] – July 22, 2016, Los Angeles) was an American physicist, known as a co-discoverer with [[Aihud Pevsner]] of the [[eta meson]] in 1961.<ref name="PevsnerKraemer1961"> Pevsner was the leader of the Johns Hopkins University team, and Block was the leader of the Northwestern University team.</ref>
==Biography==
Block graduated from [[Columbia University]] in 1947 with B.S., in 1948 with M.A., and in 1952 with Ph.D. supervised by [[William W. Havens Jr.]] At Columbia, Block helped to design the magnets for the [[Nevis Laboratories|Nevis cyclotron]].<ref name=PT></ref> In 1949 he married Beate Sondheim.<ref name=obit2018></ref> He joined the faculty of [[Duke University]] in 1951.<ref name="PassmanBlock1952"></ref> He attended the [[University of Rochester]]'s 6th Annual Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics, where he contributed a paper<ref></ref> and roomed with [[Richard Feynman]]. Block suggested to Feynman that parity is not conserved in weak interactions, and Feynman raised the question with the other experts.<ref name="Feynman2010"></ref><ref name=PT/><ref></ref><ref> </ref> At Duke University, Block led the team that developed the world's first liquid-helium bubble chamber, which was used for study of several newly discovered particles. In 1961 he left Duke University for [[Northwestern University]], where he remained on the faculty until he retired as professor emeritus in 1996.<ref name=PT/> At Northwestern University, he did research on large spectrometer counter and spark chamber systems. In the early 1960s he did research at [[Giampietro Puppi]]'s lab. At CERN in 1964–1965, as a Ford Foundation Fellow, a NATO Fellow, and a UNESCO Fellow, Block was part of a team that was the first to use a heavy liquid chamber to measure neutrino interactions. His experimental team was the first to measure the relative parity of two strange particles, demonstrating that the [[Lambda baryon|]]-[[Kaon|]] parity is odd. In 1972–1973 he was a NATO Fellow in Guiseppe Cocconi's lab at CERN.<ref name=gf></ref><ref name=Northwestern></ref>
After 1964, during summers and winters, Martin and Beate Block were in Aspen, in Geneva, Switzerland where Martin worked at the CERN particle accelerator, or in Evanston, Illinois where he taught and did research. In 1985, Martin Block started the first Aspen Winter Physics Conference with Beate Block in charge of logistical planning, lodging, events and entertainment. As the conferences grew larger, she left all of the planning to professional staff.<ref name=obit2018/>
After moving to Aspen with his wife, Block did research in theoretical and computational physics.
Upon his death he was survived by his widow, a son [[Steven Block]], a daughter, and two grandchildren.<ref></ref>
==Awards and honors==
* 1958 — Guggenheim Fellowship for the academic year 1958–1959<ref name=gf/>
* 1960 — elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society
* 1985 — Medal of the Italian Physical Society<ref name=Northwestern/>
* 1985 — symposium on weak interactions in honor of Martin M. Block at the University of Pavia<ref name=Northwestern/>
* 1996 — symposium honoring Block's 45-year career in physics, "BlockParty" at Northwestern University<ref name=Northwestern/>
* 2003 — elected a Foreign Corresponding Member of the [[Italian Academy of Sciences]]<ref name=Northwestern/>
==References==
<references/>
==External links==
*
[[Category:1925 births]]
[[Category:2016 deaths]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:Duke University faculty]]
[[Category:Northwestern University faculty]]
[[Category:20th-century American physicists]]
[[Category:21st-century American physicists]]
[[Category:Experimental physicists]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Physical Society]]
[[Category:Guggenheim Fellows]]
==Biography==
Block graduated from [[Columbia University]] in 1947 with B.S., in 1948 with M.A., and in 1952 with Ph.D. supervised by [[William W. Havens Jr.]] At Columbia, Block helped to design the magnets for the [[Nevis Laboratories|Nevis cyclotron]].<ref name=PT></ref> In 1949 he married Beate Sondheim.<ref name=obit2018></ref> He joined the faculty of [[Duke University]] in 1951.<ref name="PassmanBlock1952"></ref> He attended the [[University of Rochester]]'s 6th Annual Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics, where he contributed a paper<ref></ref> and roomed with [[Richard Feynman]]. Block suggested to Feynman that parity is not conserved in weak interactions, and Feynman raised the question with the other experts.<ref name="Feynman2010"></ref><ref name=PT/><ref></ref><ref> </ref> At Duke University, Block led the team that developed the world's first liquid-helium bubble chamber, which was used for study of several newly discovered particles. In 1961 he left Duke University for [[Northwestern University]], where he remained on the faculty until he retired as professor emeritus in 1996.<ref name=PT/> At Northwestern University, he did research on large spectrometer counter and spark chamber systems. In the early 1960s he did research at [[Giampietro Puppi]]'s lab. At CERN in 1964–1965, as a Ford Foundation Fellow, a NATO Fellow, and a UNESCO Fellow, Block was part of a team that was the first to use a heavy liquid chamber to measure neutrino interactions. His experimental team was the first to measure the relative parity of two strange particles, demonstrating that the [[Lambda baryon|]]-[[Kaon|]] parity is odd. In 1972–1973 he was a NATO Fellow in Guiseppe Cocconi's lab at CERN.<ref name=gf></ref><ref name=Northwestern></ref>
After 1964, during summers and winters, Martin and Beate Block were in Aspen, in Geneva, Switzerland where Martin worked at the CERN particle accelerator, or in Evanston, Illinois where he taught and did research. In 1985, Martin Block started the first Aspen Winter Physics Conference with Beate Block in charge of logistical planning, lodging, events and entertainment. As the conferences grew larger, she left all of the planning to professional staff.<ref name=obit2018/>
After moving to Aspen with his wife, Block did research in theoretical and computational physics.
Upon his death he was survived by his widow, a son [[Steven Block]], a daughter, and two grandchildren.<ref></ref>
==Awards and honors==
* 1958 — Guggenheim Fellowship for the academic year 1958–1959<ref name=gf/>
* 1960 — elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society
* 1985 — Medal of the Italian Physical Society<ref name=Northwestern/>
* 1985 — symposium on weak interactions in honor of Martin M. Block at the University of Pavia<ref name=Northwestern/>
* 1996 — symposium honoring Block's 45-year career in physics, "BlockParty" at Northwestern University<ref name=Northwestern/>
* 2003 — elected a Foreign Corresponding Member of the [[Italian Academy of Sciences]]<ref name=Northwestern/>
==References==
<references/>
==External links==
*
[[Category:1925 births]]
[[Category:2016 deaths]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:Duke University faculty]]
[[Category:Northwestern University faculty]]
[[Category:20th-century American physicists]]
[[Category:21st-century American physicists]]
[[Category:Experimental physicists]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Physical Society]]
[[Category:Guggenheim Fellows]]
April 03, 2020 at 02:43AM
